Every oath, everywhere, started life as a conditional self-curse. And then, century by century, the curse got amputated. First the punisher went quiet. Then the punishment went silent. What stayed in the witness's mouth was the stump. But nothing that load-bearing just disappears. The punishment clause went looking for a new address. And the law, slowly, took the job over. In fifteen sixty-three, in the fifth year of Elizabeth, Parliament passed a statute whose title you can still read: An Act for the Punishment of such persons as shall procure or commit any willful Perjury. That's the birth of perjury as a crime.
